Harry Walton/Garden Grove Company departs on their journey
Harry Walton/Garden Grove Company departs on their journey.
Thirteen hundred miles west. Wagon companies and, for ten years, handcart companies cross the plains, and roughly four hundred settlements are planted across the Great Basin and beyond. Brigham Young leads for thirty years; the era ends with the St George temple finished and his death in the same year.
930 entries in this era, shown 200 to a page. This is page 2 of 5, covering 1851 to 1856. See the same material on the moving timeline.
Harry Walton/Garden Grove Company departs on their journey.
In 1851 there were 44 missionaries called to serve.
James W. Cummings Company departs on their journey.
John Brown Company departs on their journey.
John Easton Company departs on their journey.
John G. Smith Company departs on their journey.
John Reese Freight Train departs on their journey.
Joseph Smith—History first published by Franklin D. Richards in Liverpool, England.
Morris Phelps Company departs on their journey.
Pearl of Great Price published by Franklin D. Richards in Liverpool, England.
Sixteen of Orson Pratt's pamphlets published as Orson Pratt's Works.
Skandinavien Stjerne (Scandinavian Star) first published for the Scandinavian Mission (Erastus Snow, editor).
1851 Church Membership 52,165
The Book of Mormon was published in Copenhagen, Denmark, in Danish, the first language other than English in which the book was printed.
This translation of Le Livre de Mormon was done for France. Reference information: Anderson, Kai A. (June 1997), "In His Own Language", Liahona: 29,
The first, or “old,” Tabernacle is completed in Salt Lake City.
The second stake in the Church and the first outside the Salt Lake Valley — since the pioneers arrived in Utah — was the Weber Stake, created by Brigham Young with headquarters in Ogden. Within the next six months, two other stakes were created, in Provo, Utah, on March 19, and in San Bernardino, Calif., on July 6.
The University of the State of Deseret (now the University of Utah) in Salt Lake City was begun.
The University of the State of Deseret (now University of Utah) begins.
The Weber Stake in Ogden becomes the first stake outside Salt Lake.
Thomas S. Williams Freight Train departs on their journey.
Trial of confessed murderer (and newly returned-missionary) Howard Egan. His lawyer Apostle George A. Smith popularizes phrase "mountain common law" and argues: "The man who seduces his neighbor's wife must die, and her nearest relative must kill him!" Fifteen minutes later jury finds Egan not guilty of murder. Church authorities print Smith's closing argument in DESERET NEWS, in two church pamphlets, and later in Journal of Discourses 1:97. Egan is one of Brigham Young's enforcers. Six years later when Parley P. Pratt is killed by a husband whose wife he seduced, however, Mormons are outraged.
Weber Stake created in Ogden, Utah by Brigham Young.
Wilford Woodruff describes Pioneer-day festivities: "The order of the day was kept up by the fireing of cannon 110 times. The organization & parading of Streets by an escort consisting of the Nauvoo Brass band the Military Band the Pioneers of 47 the Regency, the aged Fathers young lads, followed By the Mothers in Israel young girls, young men & young women the Presidency with the officers of State formed the escorted party. In their rear were 24 Bishops forming a Phalanx of the combined wisdom & strength of the Kingdom of God in the last days. The numerous flags & Banners the various Emblems of art agriculture & industry & the music accompanying the procession from the presidents residence to the Bowery could ownly be surpassed in the Armies of heaven."
Wilkin Freight Train departs on their journey.
Willard Richards compiles and publishes the PEARL OF GREAT PRICE in London, England.
William McPherson Company departs on their journey.
Abraham O. Smoot Company departs on their journey.
Allen Weeks Company departs on their journey.
Amasa M. Lyman/Charles C. Rich Company departs on their journey.
An adobe tabernacle, built on the southwest corner of the Temple Block where the Assembly Hall now stands, was dedicated.
At a special conference in Salt Lake City, the doctrine of plural marriage was first publicly announced, although several of the leading brethren of the Church had been practicing the principle privately since it had been taught to them by Joseph Smith.
Beginning of construction of a wall surrounding the ten acres which became Temple Square, with gates to allow entrance onto the building site. It is completed over two years later.
Benjamin Gardner Company departs on their journey.
Brigham Young’s first published sermon expounding his Adam-God doctrine: "When our Father Adam came into the garden of Eden, he came into it with a celestial body, and brought Eve, one of his wives, with him. He helped to make and organize this world. He is MICHAEL, the Archangel, the ANCIENT OF DAYS! about whom holy men have written and spoken--He is our Father and our God, and the only God with whom we have to do." For the next twenty-five years, Young speaks about the "Adam-God doctrine" in numerous sermons, most of which he publishes. In this same sermon Young says: "The Holy Ghost is the Spirit of the Lord, and issues forth from Himself….The Lord fills the immensity of space."
class="indexNav">Philip De La Mare Company departs on their journey.
Crandell Dunn Company departs on their journey.
David Wood Company departs on their journey.
Deseret News Extra makes the first public announcement of the Church teaching of plural marriage.
During the year, areas that were opened up to missionary work included India, China, Siam, Cape of Good Hope, Prussia, Gilbraltar and the West Indies.
Eli B. Kelsey Company departs on their journey.
Endowment ordinances are recommenced in the Old Council House, the first permanent public building erected in Salt Lake City, which also houses the territorial legislature and the territorial public library. Three years later the Endowment House is constructed in the northwest corner of Temple Square and is dedicated to the sole use of administering endowments.
Frontier Guardian ceases publication in Kanesville, Iowa.
German mission is created
Harmon Cutler Company departs on their journey.
Henry Bryant Manning Jolley Company departs on their journey.
Henry W. Miller Company departs on their journey.
In 1852 there were 158 missionaries called to serve.
Isaac M. Stewart Company departs on their journey.
James C. Snow Company departs on their journey.
James Holt Company departs on their journey.
James Jepson Company departs on their journey.
James McGaw Company departs on their journey.
Joel Edmunds Company departs on their journey.
John B. Walker Company departs on their journey.
John Parker Company departs on their journey.
John S. Higbee/James W. Bay Company departs on their journey.
John Tidwell Company departs on their journey.
Presided over colonization of Brigham City, Utah.
Joseph Outhouse Company departs on their journey.
Malta mission is created
Members voted unanimously to build the Salt Lake Temple.
Members, meeting in conference in the tabernacle, unanimously voted to build the Salt Lake Temple.
Parley P. Pratt Company departs on their journey.
Plural marriage doctrine publicly announced at a special conference.
Plural marriage is publicly acknowledged for the first time.
Robert Wimmer Company departs on their journey.
1852 Church Membership 52,640
This translation of Llyfr Mormon was done for Wales. Additional Information:most recent edition 2000. Reference information: Scharffs, Gilbert W., "Das Buch Mormon: The German Translation of the Book of Mormon", Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 11 (1): 35–39,
This translation of Il Libro di Mormon was done for Italy. Additional Information:most recent edition 1995. Reference information: Anderson, Kai A. (June 1997), "In His Own Language", Liahona: 29,
This translation of Ka Buke a Moramona was done for Hawaiian Islands. Additional Information:first non-European language translation; translated by Jonatana Napela and George Q. Cannon. Reference information: Anderson, Kai A. (June 1997), "In His Own Language", Liahona: 29,
This translation of Das Buch Mormon was done for Germany. Additional Information:most recent edition 2003. Reference information: Scharffs, Gilbert W., "Das Buch Mormon: The German Translation of the Book of Mormon", Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 11 (1): 35–39,
Thomas C.D. Howell Company departs on their journey.
Thomas Marsden Company departs on their journey.
Uriah Curtis Company departs on their journey.
William Lang Company departs on their journey.
William Morgan Company departs on their journey.
William West Lane Company departs on their journey.
"Walker War" began near Payson, Utah.
This edition was created in Liverpool, England and was compiled by Orson Pratt. There were 296 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was edition number 10.
Alexander Williams Company departs on their journey.
Anthony Ivins Company departs on their journey.
Appleton M. Harmon Company departs on their journey.
Atchison-Pilling Company departs on their journey.
Beginning of hostilities that constitute the "Walker War." Chief Wakara ("Walker") of the Ute Indians had welcomed the Mormons into the Salt Lake Valley and given them information and advice. By now, however, he longed to rid himself of the white settlers.
Brigham Young broke ground for the Salt Lake Temple.
Served a mission in New York. Superintended the affairs of the Church in the eastern states. Published a newspaper titled The Mormon.
Brigham Young preaches, "The Father came down in his bodily tabernacle and begot Jesus."
Brigham Young writes to Apostle Orson Pratt that certain points of doctrine treated in the pages of the SEER "are not SOUND DOCTRINE, and will not be so received by the Saints." Emphasis in original.
Claudius V. Spencer Company departs on their journey.
Cornerstone laying ceremony for Salt Lake temple. Brigham Young publishes this description of endowment: "Your endowment is, to receive all those ordinances in the House of the Lord, which are necessary to you, after you have departed this life, to enable you to walk back to the presence of the Father, passing the angels who stand as sentinels, being enabled to give them the key words, the signs and tokens, pertaining to the Holy Priesthood, and gain your eternal exaltation in spite of earth and hell."
Cyrus H. Wheelock Company departs on their journey.
Daniel A. Miller/John W. Cooley Company departs on their journey.
David Wilkin Company departs on their journey.
DESERET NEWS publishes March 12 sermon of second counselor Jedediah M. Grant: "But if Latter Day Saints should put to death the covenant breakers, it would try the faith of the very meek, just, and pious among them, and it would cause a great deal of whining in Israel . . . and it is also their right to kill a sinner to save him, when he commits those crimes that can only be atoned for by shedding his blood."
Enoch Bartlett Tripp Company departs on their journey.
First issue of British Mission's JOURNAL OF DISCOURSES, most famous collection of Mormon sermons which had been published previously in DESERET NEWS. The introduction is preceded by a letter from the First Presidency endorsing the publication.
Gibraltar mission is created
Ground is broken on the Salt Lake Temple.
In 1853 there were 33 missionaries called to serve.
Jacob Gates Company departs on their journey.
John Brown Company departs on their journey.
John E. Forsgren Company departs on their journey.
Joseph W. Young Company departs on their journey.
Journal of Discourses first published privately by George D. Watt (Liverpool, England).
Levi Stewart Freight Train departs on their journey.
Laid cornerstones for Salt Lake Temple.
Moses Clawson Company departs on their journey.
Moses Daley Freight Train departs on their journey.
Orson Spencer/ Joel J. Terrell Company departs on their journey.
President Brigham Young broke ground for the Salt Lake Temple and President Heber C. Kimball dedicated the site. Excavation began that day.
Preston Thomas Company departs on their journey.
Brigham Young breaks ground on a temple whose granite blocks are quarried twenty miles away and hauled by ox team, four days per stone.
South African mission is created
1853 Church Membership 64,154
The First Presidency writes to "Elder Samuel W. Richards, and the Saints abroad" that "You will perceive at once that this Journal of Discourses will be a work of mutual benefit, and we cheerfully and warmly request your co-operation in the purchase and sale of the above-named JOURNAL, . . ."
The four cornerstones of the Salt Lake Temple were laid.
The Seer first published by Orson Pratt (Washington, D.C.).
The so-called "Walker War" began near Payson, Utah. This was one of several incidents of tension between Mormons and Indians in the Utah Territory. The war ended in May 1854.
Thomas Burdick Company departs on their journey.
Vincent Shurtleff Freight Train departs on their journey.
William Atkinson Company departs on their journey.
This edition was created in Liverpool, England and was compiled by Franklin D. Richards. There were 322 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was edition number 11.
After the funeral of Second Counselor Willard Richards, Heber C. Kimball councils the family: "He advised the family all to hold together & remain as they were on his inheritants & not marry again but to keep themselves for him . . ." Richards was survived by eleven widows. Richards is the first member of the Twelve Apostles or First Presidency to die of natural causes. The first General Authority to die of natural causes was Patriarch Joseph Smith Sr.
Australasian mission is created
Benjamin C. Turman Company departs on their journey.
Benjamin Thomas Mitchell Company departs on their journey.
Brigham Young makes a gift of tobacco and beef cattle to Ute Indian Chief Walker ("Wakara"). Walker didn't want to talk and lay down in the dirt "but President Young manifested great patience with him even after the patience of most men was exhausted. He went to him & lifted him out of the dirt & finally got him to talk some."
Cyrus Snell Company departs on their journey.
Daniel Garn Company departs on their journey.
Darwin Richardson Company departs on their journey.
Eastern States mission is created
European (Administrative) mission is created
Hans Peter Olsen Company departs on their journey.
In 1854 there were 119 missionaries called to serve.
James Brown Company departs on their journey.
Job Smith Company departs on their journey.
Served mission to Sandwich Islands (Hawaii).
Orson Pratt/Ezra T. Benson/Ira Eldredge Company departs on their journey.
Perrigrine Sessions Company departs on their journey.
Robert L. Campbell Company departs on their journey.
Siam mission is created
Swiss And Italian mission is created
1854 Church Membership 68,429
The Conductor of the Mormon Tabernacle Chior is Stephen Goddard.
The official announcement adopting the Deseret Alphabet was made in the Deseret News.
The Saint Louis Luminary first published in St. Louis, Missouri (Erastus Snow, editor).
The Seer ceases publication (Washington, D.C.).
Thomas S. Williams Freight Train departs on their journey.
Washington L. Jolley Company departs on their journey.
Willard Richards dies in Salt Lake City at age Wilford Woodruff writes, "He is the first man that has died a natural death in this Church & kingdom from the First Presidency or Twelve Apostles. All that have died before have been martyred. Richards was with Joseph and Hyrum Smith at Carthage Jail when Joseph and Hyrum were assassinated. He was the only one of four Mormons in the jail that were not wounded or killed.
William Empey Company departs on their journey.
William Field Company departs on their journey.
A general "reformation" took place throughout the Church.
Amasa M. Lyman Company departs on their journey.
Bark Julia Ann wrecked near the Scilly Islands; five drowned.
Brigham Young establishes Deseret Theological Institute which is open to women who comprise 37 percent of its membership. However, women do not lecture on same equality they experience in non-institutional Polysophical Society.
Charles A. Harper Company departs on their journey.
Dedication of Salt Lake Endowment House, and inauguration of first Thursday of each month as day of fasting and prayer, with "testimony meeting" during day.
Endowment House was dedicated 5 May 1855 by Heber C. Kimball.
Endowment House dedicated in Salt Lake City.
First meeting of the Deseret Theological Society. Brigham Young is speaker. Young states "that the whole object of the Institution was comprehended in these words. To know the only wise God and Jesus Christ whom he has sent, which is Life Eternal. Spoke of Adam being a God and head of the human family."
First Presidency proposed handcart crossings of the plains.
Grasshopper plague and crop failure lead to the institution of fast offerings.
Hooper and Williams Freight Train departs on their journey.
In 1855 there were 65 missionaries called to serve.
In a general epistle, the First Presidency proposed that Perpetual Emigrating Fund immigrants cross the plains by handcart.
Indian Territory Mission established to proselytize among Cherokees and Creeks in what is now Oklahoma. Directed almost exclusively toward Native Americans, mission closes in 1877, reopens in 1883 with increasing efforts toward Anglos.
Indian Territory mission is created
Isaac Allred Freight Train departs on their journey.
Jacob F. Secrist/Noah T. Guymon Company departs on their journey.
John Hindley Company departs on their journey.
Judson L. Stoddard Company departs on their journey.
Livingston and Kinkead Freight Train departs on their journey.
Milo Andrus Company departs on their journey.
Moses Thurston Company departs on their journey.
Oliver Peters Company departs on their journey.
Parley P. Pratt Company departs on their journey.
Parley P. Pratt's Key to the Science of Theology published.
Richard Ballantyne Company departs on their journey.
Samuel W. Richards takes notes on Brigham Young's sermon: "Adam and Eve were made of the dust of the Earth from which they came -- they brought there bodies with them. They had lived and died and been resurrected before they came here and they came with immortal bodies, and had to partake of the fruit of this earth in order to bring forth mortal bodies, or natural bodies, that their seed might be of the dust of this Earth as they were of the dust of the earth from which they came"
Seth M. Blair/Edward Stevenson Company departs on their journey.
T. D. Pitt Company departs on their journey.
1855 Church Membership 63,974
The bark Julia Ann carrying 28 emigrating Church members from Australia ran aground on shoals near the Scilly Islands. Five were drowned.
The foundation of the Salt Lake Temple was finished.
This translation of The Book of Mormon was done for Utah Territory (defunct). Additional Information:currently out of print.. Reference information: Jenkins, John H., The Book of Mormon in the Deseret Alphabet,
The Mormon first published in New York City (John Taylor, editor).
The Saint Louis Luminary ceases publication (Erastus Snow, editor).
The two-story adobe Endowment House in Salt Lake City was dedicated and remained in use until 1889, when it was torn down.
Typical DESERET NEWS report of Reformation meetings. Jedediah M. Grant presides over three days of meetings at Farmington, Utah, where he speaks seven times, prays four times, and during which 450 are rebaptized.
William McBride Company departs on their journey.
This edition was created in Liverpool, England and was compiled by John E Tullidge. There were 38 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was the only edition.
Abraham O. Smoot Company departs on their journey.
Also on this day U.S. postmaster general James Campbell awards a Utah mail contract to Hiram Kimball, representing Brigham Young's newly formed BYX Company, for $23,000. The company name had been reduced to initials to conceal Young's involvement. Kimball and Young does not learn of their good fortune for some time because of a delay in the mail. This delay postpones the first BYX mail departure from the valley until 8 February 1857. Young chose Bill Hickman and O. Porter Rockwell to be his main mailmen ("pony express" riders). Hickman did not want to go but Young told him it was his duty. When Hickman returned to the Valley 4 months later he lamented that he was $1000 poorer than when he started. Brigham Young did not pay him for his part in the project.
Brigham Young begins a sermon: "I think it is now proven to a certainty that men, women, and children can cross the Plains, from the settlements on the Missouri river to this place on foot, and draw hand-carts, loaded with a good portion of the articles needed to sustain them on the way. . . . As for health, it is far healthier to walk than to ride, and better every way for the people" Less than two months later over 200 handcart pioneers died in Wyoming when caught in an early snow storm.
Brigham Young's daughter Susa Young (Gates) is born in the Lion House in Salt Lake City. When hearing the baby was a girl Susa's mother, Lucy Bigelow exclames "Shucks." Zina D. Huntington Jacobs Smith Young, (also a wife of Brigham) who is assisting replies, "No! It isn't all shucks, it's wheat, and full weight too !" Susa is Brigham Young's 41st child. She enters the University of Deseret at age thirteen but is soon banished to St. George by her father for helping her sister Dora elope. Later when she is president of the Relief Society and has an office in the Church Office Building (the only woman to have one at the time) she is jokingly referred to as the "thirteenth apostle."
Canute Peterson Company departs on their journey.
Daniel D. McArthur Company departs on their journey.
Due to report that Stephen A. Douglas has called Utah's Mormons "an ulcer on the body politic," DESERET NEWS publishes Joseph Smith's 1843 prophecy: "Judge Douglas, you will aspire to the Presidency of the United States," with his warning of failure if he turns against Mormons. Douglas is defeated for presidency in 1860; dies next year.