Justus Morse Company departs on their journey
Justus Morse Company departs on their journey.
Thirteen hundred miles west. Wagon companies and, for ten years, handcart companies cross the plains, and roughly four hundred settlements are planted across the Great Basin and beyond. Brigham Young leads for thirty years; the era ends with the St George temple finished and his death in the same year.
1,289 entries in this era, shown 200 to a page. This is page 2 of 7, covering 1850 to 1854. See the same material on the moving timeline.
Justus Morse Company departs on their journey.
Lorenzo Dow Young Company departs on their journey.
Milo Andrus Company departs on their journey.
Missionary work opened in India, China, Siam, Cape of Good Hope and other areas.
Missionary work took on a wider scope as missions were opened overseas in Scandinavia, France, Italy, Switzerlandand Hawaii; most, however, were discontinued after a few years.
More Church members reside in Britain than in North America.
Official establishment of Territory of Utah by federal government which also appoints Brigham Young as Utah's first governor.
Orson Hyde Company departs on their journey.
Sandwich Islands mission is created
Sarah Pratt writes to Bathsheba W. Smith about her husband, Apostle Orson Pratt's absence on missions and time with other wives: "Mr. Pratt left on the 9th of March for the Bluffs . . . he will return in June, or July, perhaps you may think this is a great trial for me, but I can assure it is no more of a trial, than if he were gone on other business, for I have long since made up my mind that it is no use to fret about those who do not fret about me, . . . "
Scandinavia opened for missionary work.
Scandinavian mission is created
Shadrach Roundy Company departs on their journey.
Stephen Markham Company departs on their journey.
Swiss mission is created
1850 Church Membership 51,839
The Constitution of the State of Deseret printed on the Ramage press in the Salt Lake Valley.
Printed on a press hauled across the plains, it is still publishing today as the oldest continuously operating business in Utah.
The Deseret News issues its first edition (Willard Richards, editor) — first newspaper in the Rocky Mountain west.
The DESERET NEWS publishes a sermon by Brigham Young: "Ten years ago, it was called heresy for Joseph Smith to be a money digger, and receive revelations; it actually became treason; and the people killed him for it: and now I see hundreds of reverend gentlemen going to dig money. I despise a man who wont dig for gold, he is a lazy man, and intends to spunge on others. Do not think that I blame you; all I have to say is, that you have to follow in the wake of 'Old Joe Smith,' and paddle away to dig gold"
The first edition of the Deseret News was published in Salt Lake City.
The United States Attorney in Illinois files a complaint to recover a debt Joseph Smith owed from the 1840 purchase of the steamship NAUVOO. The judge upholds the Illinois law that no church can legally hold more than ten acres of property, but he also rules that all the property which exceeded the allotted ten acres that Joseph held either personally or as trustee-in-trust after 1842 must be sold to pay the creditors. This includes all the other property Joseph had conveyed to Emma or the children after that time.
Thomas S. Williams/Seth M. Blair Freight Train departs on their journey.
University of the State of Deseret begun in Salt Lake City.
Utah population about 11,000.
Warren Foote Company departs on their journey.
Warren Smith Company departs on their journey.
Wilford Woodruff Company departs on their journey.
Became governor of the Territory of Utah.
William Snow/Joseph Young Company departs on their journey.
This edition was created in England and was compiled by John Lyon (Unofficial). There were 8 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was the only edition.
A company of 500 settlers called to settle in California departed from Payson, Utah. The group settled in San Bernardino, Calif., which became the first Mormon colony outside the Great Basin since the arrival of the pioneers in 1847.
Adobe tabernacle dedicated on Temple Block.
Almon W. Babbitt Company departs on their journey.
At Councilof Fifty meeting Phineas H.Young admits plotting with Indians to kill apostle Orson Hyde in Iowa, because Hyde ordered someone to kill Phineas. Hyde mentions William A. Hickman but doesn't admit responsibility for an attempt on Phineas's life. Brigham Young successfully reconciles these two members of the Fifty.
Australian mission is created
Book of Mormon published in Danish, the first language other than English.
Brigham Young declares "Martial law is hereby declared to exist in this Territory. . . . and no person shall be allowed to pass or repass into, or through, or from this Territory, without a permit from the proper officer."
Brigham Young has conference covenant to accept and obey Word of Wisdom as commandment and to accept excommunication for non-payment of tithing. Church leaders do not consistently enforce either practice until 20th century.
Organized Polysophical Society in Salt Lake City, Utah, to promote cultural refinement.
Brigham Young is sustained "prophet, seer, and revelator," first time since 1836. He presents himself this way at conferences until 1859 and again, 1872 to his death.
Brigham Young signs a law legalizing all laws passed previously by State of Deseret. He adjourns poorly attended meeting of the Council of Fifty and does not reconvene it for 15 years. He also signs a legislative act designating that Millard County be formed and that Fillmore City be the "seat of Government of the Territory." This is an attempt to curry favor with U.S. President Millard Fillmore as part of the quest to secure statehood for Utah.
Brigham Young speaks in favor of Madison D. Hambleton who is being tried for shooting and killing man at LDS church services, immediately after closing prayer. The man "seduced" wife of Hambleton who is "acquitted by the Court and also by the Voice of the people present." Hambleton later becomes sheriff in Utah.
David Lewis Company departs on their journey.
East Indian mission is created
Easton Kelsey Company departs on their journey.
First foreign-language edition of the Doctrine and Covenants printed (Welsh).
Five hundred settlers called to settle in California departed Payson, Utah.
General Assembly of State of Deseret dissolves itself to accept jurisdiction of Territory of Utah. In most elections from 1851 to 1869, 99 percent of Utah's voters choose church-approved candidates. Ballots are marked to show how persons vote.
Harry Walton/Garden Grove Company departs on their journey.
In 1851 there were 44 missionaries called to serve.
James W. Cummings Company departs on their journey.
John Brown Company departs on their journey.
John Easton Company departs on their journey.
John G. Smith Company departs on their journey.
John Reese Freight Train departs on their journey.
Joseph Smith—History first published by Franklin D. Richards in Liverpool, England.
Morris Phelps Company departs on their journey.
Pearl of Great Price published by Franklin D. Richards in Liverpool, England.
Sarah Lawrence, polygamous widow of Joseph Smith, formally divorces Heber C. Kimball. Two years later she marries Joseph Mount who "had come from the gold mines of California where he made quite a fortune."
Sixteen of Orson Pratt's pamphlets published as Orson Pratt's Works.
Skandinavien Stjerne (Scandinavian Star) first published for the Scandinavian Mission (Erastus Snow, editor).
1851 Church Membership 52,165
The Book of Mormon was published in Copenhagen, Denmark, in Danish, the first language other than English in which the book was printed.
This translation of Le Livre de Mormon was done for France. Reference information: Anderson, Kai A. (June 1997), "In His Own Language", Liahona: 29,
The first, or “old,” Tabernacle is completed in Salt Lake City.
The second stake in the Church and the first outside the Salt Lake Valley — since the pioneers arrived in Utah — was the Weber Stake, created by Brigham Young with headquarters in Ogden. Within the next six months, two other stakes were created, in Provo, Utah, on March 19, and in San Bernardino, Calif., on July 6.
The University of the State of Deseret (now the University of Utah) in Salt Lake City was begun.
The University of the State of Deseret (now University of Utah) begins.
The Weber Stake in Ogden becomes the first stake outside Salt Lake.
Thomas S. Williams Freight Train departs on their journey.
Trial of confessed murderer (and newly returned-missionary) Howard Egan. His lawyer Apostle George A. Smith popularizes phrase "mountain common law" and argues: "The man who seduces his neighbor's wife must die, and her nearest relative must kill him!" Fifteen minutes later jury finds Egan not guilty of murder. Church authorities print Smith's closing argument in DESERET NEWS, in two church pamphlets, and later in Journal of Discourses 1:97. Egan is one of Brigham Young's enforcers. Six years later when Parley P. Pratt is killed by a husband whose wife he seduced, however, Mormons are outraged.
Weber Stake created in Ogden, Utah by Brigham Young.
Wilford Woodruff describes Pioneer-day festivities: "The order of the day was kept up by the fireing of cannon 110 times. The organization & parading of Streets by an escort consisting of the Nauvoo Brass band the Military Band the Pioneers of 47 the Regency, the aged Fathers young lads, followed By the Mothers in Israel young girls, young men & young women the Presidency with the officers of State formed the escorted party. In their rear were 24 Bishops forming a Phalanx of the combined wisdom & strength of the Kingdom of God in the last days. The numerous flags & Banners the various Emblems of art agriculture & industry & the music accompanying the procession from the presidents residence to the Bowery could ownly be surpassed in the Armies of heaven."
Wilford Woodruff records: "President Young while speaking of the Resurrection said that we should Receive the same Bodies that we lay down if our dust was Blown to the four winds of Heaven."
Wilkin Freight Train departs on their journey.
Willard Richards compiles and publishes the PEARL OF GREAT PRICE in London, England.
William McPherson Company departs on their journey.
20,000 Mormons living in the Great Basin, perhaps 40 percent British-born.
Abraham O. Smoot Company departs on their journey.
Allen Weeks Company departs on their journey.
Amasa M. Lyman/Charles C. Rich Company departs on their journey.
An adobe tabernacle, built on the southwest corner of the Temple Block where the Assembly Hall now stands, was dedicated.
At a special conference in Salt Lake City, the doctrine of plural marriage was first publicly announced, although several of the leading brethren of the Church had been practicing the principle privately since it had been taught to them by Joseph Smith.
At conference in England, Apostle Franklin D. Richards calls men to new office of "pastor." Office continues until 1860,when it is changed to "district president."
Beginning of construction of a wall surrounding the ten acres which became Temple Square, with gates to allow entrance onto the building site. It is completed over two years later.
Benjamin Gardner Company departs on their journey.
Brigham Young preaches: "After men have . . . become Gods, they have the power then of propagating their species in spirit . . . and then commence the organization of tabernacles. . . . How can they do it? Have they to go to that earth? Yes, an Adam will have to go there, and he cannot do without Eve; he must have Eve to commence the work of generation, and they will go into the garden, and continue to eat and drink of the fruits of the corporal world, until this grosser matter is diffused sufficiently through their celestial bodies to enable them, according to the established laws, to produce mortal tabernacles for their spiritual children. This is a key for you. The faithful will become Gods, even the sons of God; but this does not overthrow the idea that we have a father. Adam is my father; (this I will explain to you at some future time;) but it does not prove that he is not my father, if I become a God: it does not prove that I have not a father."
Brigham Young preaches: "When we use the term perfection, it applies to man in his present condition, as well as the heavenly beings. We are now, or may be, as perfect in OUR SPHERE as God and angels are in theirs, but the greatest intelligence in existence can continually ascend to greater heights of perfection."
Brigham Young’s first published sermon expounding his Adam-God doctrine: "When our Father Adam came into the garden of Eden, he came into it with a celestial body, and brought Eve, one of his wives, with him. He helped to make and organize this world. He is MICHAEL, the Archangel, the ANCIENT OF DAYS! about whom holy men have written and spoken--He is our Father and our God, and the only God with whom we have to do." For the next twenty-five years, Young speaks about the "Adam-God doctrine" in numerous sermons, most of which he publishes. In this same sermon Young says: "The Holy Ghost is the Spirit of the Lord, and issues forth from Himself….The Lord fills the immensity of space."
class="indexNav">Philip De La Mare Company departs on their journey.
Crandell Dunn Company departs on their journey.
David Wood Company departs on their journey.
Deseret News Extra makes the first public announcement of the Church teaching of plural marriage.
During the year, areas that were opened up to missionary work included India, China, Siam, Cape of Good Hope, Prussia, Gilbraltar and the West Indies.
Eli B. Kelsey Company departs on their journey.
Endowment ordinances are recommenced in the Old Council House, the first permanent public building erected in Salt Lake City, which also houses the territorial legislature and the territorial public library. Three years later the Endowment House is constructed in the northwest corner of Temple Square and is dedicated to the sole use of administering endowments.
Frontier Guardian ceases publication in Kanesville, Iowa.
German mission is created
Harmon Cutler Company departs on their journey.
Heber C. Kimball preaches, "Some have said that I was very presumptuous to say that Brother Brigham was my God & Savior. Brother Joseph was his God. The one that gave Joseph the keys of the kingdom was his God which was Peter. Jesus Christ was his God & the God & Father of Jesus Christ was Adam."
Heber C. Kimball preaches: "I say to those who are elected to go on missions, . . . You are sent out as shepherds to gather the sheep together; and remember that they are not your sheep: they belong to Him that sends you: Then do not make a choice of any of those sheep; do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold. You understand that. Amen."
Henry Bryant Manning Jolley Company departs on their journey.
Henry Jacobs, living in California, writes to his legal wife Zina Diantha Huntington Jacobs Smith Young "O how happy I should be if I only could see you and the little children, bone of my bone, flesh of my flesh. . . . I am unhappy, there is no peace for poor me, my pleasure is you, my comfort has vanished. . . . O Zina, can I ever, will I ever get you again, answer the question please."
Henry W. Miller Company departs on their journey.
In 1852 there were 158 missionaries called to serve.
Isaac M. Stewart Company departs on their journey.
James C. Snow Company departs on their journey.
James Holt Company departs on their journey.
James Jepson Company departs on their journey.
James McGaw Company departs on their journey.
Joel Edmunds Company departs on their journey.
John B. Walker Company departs on their journey.
John Parker Company departs on their journey.
John S. Higbee/James W. Bay Company departs on their journey.
John Tidwell Company departs on their journey.
Presided over colonization of Brigham City, Utah.
Joseph Outhouse Company departs on their journey.
Appointed clerk and historian of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.
Malta mission is created
Members voted unanimously to build the Salt Lake Temple.
Members, meeting in conference in the tabernacle, unanimously voted to build the Salt Lake Temple.
Parley P. Pratt Company departs on their journey.
Plural marriage doctrine publicly announced at a special conference.
Plural marriage is publicly acknowledged for the first time.
Robert Wimmer Company departs on their journey.
1852 Church Membership 52,640
This translation of Llyfr Mormon was done for Wales. Additional Information:most recent edition 2000. Reference information: Scharffs, Gilbert W., "Das Buch Mormon: The German Translation of the Book of Mormon", Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 11 (1): 35–39,
This translation of Il Libro di Mormon was done for Italy. Additional Information:most recent edition 1995. Reference information: Anderson, Kai A. (June 1997), "In His Own Language", Liahona: 29,
This translation of Ka Buke a Moramona was done for Hawaiian Islands. Additional Information:first non-European language translation; translated by Jonatana Napela and George Q. Cannon. Reference information: Anderson, Kai A. (June 1997), "In His Own Language", Liahona: 29,
The NEW YORK HERALD publishes a letter from W. W. Phelps: "The constitution has no power over religion, neither has Utah's Congress.… The federal authorities have no control over morality--that belongs to the good old book, the word of the Lord." Utah's appointed representative in Congress, John M. Bernhisel, is incensed at Phelps's letter. He writes Brigham Young on August 14, that conditions for statehood were improving "until this inconsiderate and untimely letter made its appearance, reviving former prejudices and adding fresh fuel to the fire which had burned so furiously for several months. . . . so far as considering us a religious people, very many here and elsewhere, regard us among the most immoral and licentious beings on the face of the globe.… I therefore beg, entreat and implore Judge Phelps, as an elder brother, to write no more letters nor dialogues on this subject, upon which the nation is so sensitive."
This translation of Das Buch Mormon was done for Germany. Additional Information:most recent edition 2003. Reference information: Scharffs, Gilbert W., "Das Buch Mormon: The German Translation of the Book of Mormon", Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 11 (1): 35–39,
The Western Bugle first published in Kanesville, Iowa (Almon W. Babbitt, editor).
Thomas C.D. Howell Company departs on their journey.
Thomas Marsden Company departs on their journey.
Uriah Curtis Company departs on their journey.
Baptized by President Heber C. Kimball.
William A. Hickman tells Mosiah Lyman Hancock, a loyal Mormon, that Brigham Young instructs him to "kill Gentiles non-Mormons and take their property for the good of the Church." but Young denies this to Hancock on July 3.
William Lang Company departs on their journey.
William Morgan Company departs on their journey.
William West Lane Company departs on their journey.
"Walker War" began near Payson, Utah.
This edition was created in Liverpool, England and was compiled by Orson Pratt. There were 296 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was edition number 10.
Alexander Williams Company departs on their journey.
Anthony Ivins Company departs on their journey.
Appleton M. Harmon Company departs on their journey.
Atchison-Pilling Company departs on their journey.
Beginning of hostilities that constitute the "Walker War." Chief Wakara ("Walker") of the Ute Indians had welcomed the Mormons into the Salt Lake Valley and given them information and advice. By now, however, he longed to rid himself of the white settlers.
Brigham Young broke ground for the Salt Lake Temple.
Served a mission in New York. Superintended the affairs of the Church in the eastern states. Published a newspaper titled The Mormon.
Brigham Young preaches, "Many received heavenly visions, revelations, the ministering of holy angels, and the manifestations of the power of God . . . before the ordinances of the house of God were preached to the people."
Brigham Young preaches, "The Father came down in his bodily tabernacle and begot Jesus."
Brigham Young preaches: "I say, rather than that apostates should flourish here, I will unsheath my bowie knife, and conquer or die. Great commotion in the congregation, and a simultaneous burst of feeling, assenting to the declaration. Now, you nasty apostates, clear out, or judgment will be put to the line, and righteousness to the plummet. Voices, generally, 'go it, go it.' If you say it is right, raise your hands. All hands up. Let us call upon the Lord to assist us in this, and every good work."
Brigham Young preaches: "Let us hold before our mind the miser. If the people of this community feel as though they wanted the whole world to themselves, hate any other person to possess anything, and would hoard up their property, and place it in a situation where it would not benefit either themselves or the community, they are just as guilty as the man who steals my property. You may inquire--'What should be done with such a character?' Why, CUT HIM OFF FROM THE CHURCH. I would disfellowship a man who had received liberally from the Lord, and refused to put it out to usury. We know this is right."
Brigham Young says there will be temple in Scotland. Joseph Smith once made similar promise to Apostle Parley P. Pratt.
Brigham Young seals Wilford Woodruff to his long-time wife Phebe.
Brigham Young writes to Apostle Orson Pratt that certain points of doctrine treated in the pages of the SEER "are not SOUND DOCTRINE, and will not be so received by the Saints." Emphasis in original.
Church Historian's Office records death of Ike Hatch and notes that "Bill Hickman" ambushes him in "Big Field." Hickman later writes that LDS president expresses satisfaction for his killing a man whom "Brigham wanted me to watch."
Claudius V. Spencer Company departs on their journey.
Cornerstone laying ceremony for Salt Lake temple. Brigham Young publishes this description of endowment: "Your endowment is, to receive all those ordinances in the House of the Lord, which are necessary to you, after you have departed this life, to enable you to walk back to the presence of the Father, passing the angels who stand as sentinels, being enabled to give them the key words, the signs and tokens, pertaining to the Holy Priesthood, and gain your eternal exaltation in spite of earth and hell."
Cyrus H. Wheelock Company departs on their journey.
Daniel A. Miller/John W. Cooley Company departs on their journey.
David Wilkin Company departs on their journey.
DESERET NEWS publishes March 12 sermon of second counselor Jedediah M. Grant: "But if Latter Day Saints should put to death the covenant breakers, it would try the faith of the very meek, just, and pious among them, and it would cause a great deal of whining in Israel . . . and it is also their right to kill a sinner to save him, when he commits those crimes that can only be atoned for by shedding his blood."
Enoch Bartlett Tripp Company departs on their journey.
First issue of British Mission's JOURNAL OF DISCOURSES, most famous collection of Mormon sermons which had been published previously in DESERET NEWS. The introduction is preceded by a letter from the First Presidency endorsing the publication.
Gibraltar mission is created
Ground is broken on the Salt Lake Temple.
In 1853 there were 33 missionaries called to serve.
Jacob Gates Company departs on their journey.
John Brown Company departs on their journey.
John E. Forsgren Company departs on their journey.
John Taylor: "If there is any truth in heaven, earth, or hell, I want to embrace it."
Joseph W. Young Company departs on their journey.
Journal of Discourses first published privately by George D. Watt (Liverpool, England).
Levi Stewart Freight Train departs on their journey.
Laid cornerstones for Salt Lake Temple.
Moses Clawson Company departs on their journey.
Moses Daley Freight Train departs on their journey.
Orson Spencer/ Joel J. Terrell Company departs on their journey.
Parley P. Pratt preaches, "A Methodist once asked me if I did not rejoice to see that denomination prosper so. I told him no. I said I wished that denomination and all other would come down. He asked why. I said so The Church of Christ might be built up in its stead."
President Brigham Young broke ground for the Salt Lake Temple and President Heber C. Kimball dedicated the site. Excavation began that day.
Preston Thomas Company departs on their journey.
Salt Lake City court "releases" Thomas Burke from being "a bound boy" to Mormon man who mistreats him as "white" indentured servant.
Brigham Young breaks ground on a temple whose granite blocks are quarried twenty miles away and hauled by ox team, four days per stone.
South African mission is created
1853 Church Membership 64,154
The First Presidency writes to "Elder Samuel W. Richards, and the Saints abroad" that "You will perceive at once that this Journal of Discourses will be a work of mutual benefit, and we cheerfully and warmly request your co-operation in the purchase and sale of the above-named JOURNAL, . . ."
The four cornerstones of the Salt Lake Temple were laid.
The Seer first published by Orson Pratt (Washington, D.C.).
The so-called "Walker War" began near Payson, Utah. This was one of several incidents of tension between Mormons and Indians in the Utah Territory. The war ended in May 1854.
The territorial delegate from the territory of Utah is elected. Brigham Young, during a Sunday sermon spontaneously nominates Dr. Bernhisel to continue as territorial delegate for Utah territory. Young continues: "Brother Kimball has seconded the motion that Dr. Bernhisel be sent back to Washington as our Delegate. All who are in favor of it, raise your right hand. (More than 2000 hands were at once seen above the heads of the congregation.) This has turned out into a caucus meeting. It is all right. I would call for an opposite vote if I thought any person would vote. I will try it however. (Not a single hand was raised in opposition.)" No other elections for territorial delegate are held in 1853.
Thomas Burdick Company departs on their journey.
Uncle John Smith, Presiding Patriarch, confers upon his son, apostle George A. Smith, "all the keys of the Patriarchal Priesthood that ever was sealed upon any man on the earth." He also says in the blessing, "all the inhabitants of the earth shall know that the Lord did choose the Smith family to build up Zion & did by them lay the foundation of this Church which shall never be overthrown neither shall the name of the Smith family be blotted out under Heaven." Despite Presiding Patriarch's dying request in 1854 that his son be his successor, Brigham Young instead chooses oldest son of Martyred Hyrum Smith.
Vincent Shurtleff Freight Train departs on their journey.
William Atkinson Company departs on their journey.
This edition was created in Liverpool, England and was compiled by Franklin D. Richards. There were 322 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was edition number 11.
A Month after Brigham Young publicly condemns and excommunicates lawyer Jessee T. Hartley, he starts for eastern states, apparently without Young's safe-conduct pass. William A. Hickman murders him during trip with Apostle Orson Hyde and Hosea Stout in canyon. Stout's diary verifies Hickman's later account of this.
After the funeral of Second Counselor Willard Richards, Heber C. Kimball councils the family: "He advised the family all to hold together & remain as they were on his inheritants & not marry again but to keep themselves for him . . ." Richards was survived by eleven widows. Richards is the first member of the Twelve Apostles or First Presidency to die of natural causes. The first General Authority to die of natural causes was Patriarch Joseph Smith Sr.
Australasian mission is created