In 1869 there were 250 missionaries
In 1869 there were 250 missionaries called to serve.
Thirteen hundred miles west. Wagon companies and, for ten years, handcart companies cross the plains, and roughly four hundred settlements are planted across the Great Basin and beyond. Brigham Young leads for thirty years; the era ends with the St George temple finished and his death in the same year.
930 entries in this era, shown 200 to a page. This is page 5 of 5, covering 1869 to 1877. See the same material on the moving timeline.
In 1869 there were 250 missionaries called to serve.
1869 Church Membership 88,432
The Church-owned ZCMI opened for business. It was the forerunner of several cooperative business ventures in Utah territory.
The Conductor of the Mormon Tabernacle Chior is George Careless. Had previously directed the Salt Lake Theatre Orchestra.
Church crews grade much of the Utah roadbed. Emigrants who once walked for months now arrive by train in days, and Utah’s isolation ends.
The transcontinental railroad was completed with the joining of the rails at Promontory Summit, Utah. The railroad had great impact on immigration policy and on the general economy of the Church in Utah.
The Utah Magazine begins, founded by members disaffected with Brigham Young's economic policies.
The Young Ladies' Retrenchment Association, later renamed the Young Women's Mutual Improvement Association, was organized by Brigham Young in the Lion House in Salt Lake City. The first president, called June 19, 1880, was Elmina Shepherd Taylor. This was the forerunner of today's Young Women organization.
Transcontinental railroad joined at Promontory Summit, Utah with the golden spike, ending the pioneer period.
Utah Central Railroad line completed from Salt Lake City to Ogden.
Young Ladies Retrenchment Association (forerunner to Young Women's) is organized.
Young Ladies' Mutual Improvement Association (YLMIA) begun as a retrenchment society in Brigham Young's family.
A large mass meeting was held by the women of Salt Lake City in protest against certain anti-Mormon legislation pending in Congress. This and other such meetings demonstrated that, contrary to anti-Mormon claims, Mormon women were not antagonistic to the ecclesiastical leadership in Utah.
Act giving elective franchise to Utah women signed into law.
An act of the Territorial Legislature giving the elective franchise to the women of Utah was signed into law. Utah became one of the first American states or territories to grant women the right to vote.
AT priesthood meeting in Salt Lake Tabernacle, Brigham Young announces revelation about Mormons investing in bonds of Utah Central Railroad Co. Text is available but never canonized or officially published.
Baptism at Salt Lake City of Martin Harris, second of three BOOK OF MORMON witnesses to return to church as led by Brigham Young.
Brigham Young is sealed for eternity to Lydia Farnsworth Mayhew, who had nine children by her Mormon husband, Elijah Mayhew. Young is not sealed to her "for time" and she continues to life with her husband Elijah until her death in 1896.
In 1870 there were 46 missionaries called to serve.
Judge James B. McKean made rulings antagonistic to the Church.
Mormon Tribune begins (becomes The Salt Lake Tribune in 1871); Salt Lake Herald also begins.
The "Liberal Party" was formed in Utah, which generally came to represent the anti-Mormon political interests, as opposed to the "People's Party," which generally represented Church interests until the end of the 19th century.
1870 Church Membership 90,130
Utah territorial legislature passes a bill granting voting rights to women.
This date is an estimate. This edition was created in Liverpool, England (USA) and was compiled by Franklin D. Richards. There were 344 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was edition number 16.
Brigham Young and his counselor Daniel H. Wells are arrested for polygamous cohabitation and subsequently for murder, but charges are dismissed.
Brigham Young arrested on a charge of unlawful cohabitation.
First Utah edition of the Book of Mormon and first Salt Lake City edition of A Collection of Sacred Hymns issued from the News plant.
In 1871 there were 167 missionaries called to serve.
Judge James B. McKean, who had arrived in Utah in August 1870, made several rulings that began a bitter and antagonistic relationship between himself and Church members.
President Brigham Young was arrested on a charge of unlawful cohabitation. Various legal proceedings in the court of Judge James B. McKean lasted until April 25, 1872, during which time President Young was sometimes kept in custody in his own home. The case was dropped, however, due to a U.S. Supreme Court decision that overturned various judicial proceedings in Utah for the previous 18 months.
The "Liberal Institute" is dedicated in Salt Lake City at the corner of Second South and Second East. This architectural landmark seats over 1000 and is constructed mostly by Godbeites and disaffected Mormons. Susan B. Anthony, who attended the dedication, writes that the reformers "sang their songs of freedom, poured out their rejoicings over the emancipation from the thrall of the Theocracy of Brigham, and told of the beatitudes of soul-to-soul communion with the All-Father." The Institute became a home for Methodists, Presbyterians, Jews, Swedish Lutherans and "Reorganite Mormons" as well as suffragettes, spiritualists (including mediums and their debunkers), and free thinkers.
1871 Church Membership 95,596
The Salt Lake Tribune begins.
In 1872 there were 132 missionaries called to serve.
Toured Europe and Asia Minor; participated in dedication of Palestine for return of the Jews.
Miss Phoebe W. Cousins and Miss Georgeanna Snow become first women admitted to practice of law in Utah.
1872 Church Membership 98,152
The first issue of the Woman's Exponent, a paper owned and edited by Mormon women, was published. This periodical continued until 1914.
The Woman's Exponent first published (Louisa Lula Greene, editor).
Woman's Exponent paper first published by Mormon women.
"United Order" discussed at general conference.
African-American Samuel Chambers tells meeting of Salt Lake Stake deacon's quorum: "as I have been appointed a deacon I feel to fulfill my mission" On Dec. 8, 1874 he says that gospel "is not only to the Gentiles but also to the African, for I am of that race." Denied preisthood ordination by LDS presidents from 1852 to 1978, some LDS African-Americans in Utah are officially appointed as "acting deacon."
Brigham Young called five additional counselors in the First Presidency.
Brigham Young's son Willard is first Mormon admitted as cadet in U.S. Military Academy at West Point. He graduates on June 16, 1875, "second in discipline" and "fourth in over-all standing" within his own class. Second Mormon at West Point is Brigham's nephew Richard W. Young in 1878. After two years as first Mormon at U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, Brigham's son Feramorz L. Young resigns "in good standing" in December 1876 because he decides against military career. In twentieth century, hundreds of Mormons graduate from U.S. military academies.
Served two terms as president of the European Mission.
Due to failing health, President Brigham Young called five additional counselors in the First Presidency.
In 1873 there were 35 missionaries called to serve.
Incorporation of Zion's Savings Bank and Trust, succeeded nearly century later by Zion's First National Bank.
Born in Huntsville, Weber County, Utah, to David McKay and Jennette Eveline Evans.
Salt Lake Stake Deacons Quorum Minute Book records: "Bro Samuel D. Chambers said It was a source of happiness to him to be here, feels to be the least of all the saints of God, but blest to be one of the number. It is joy to him to fill all calls made upon him. Asks an interest in our faith and prayers, that he may receive an exaltation in the kingdom of God." Chambers, a former slave, had been a Mormon for 29 years at this time.
1873 Church Membership 101,538
The DESERET NEWS publishes a sermon by Brigham Young chiding the saints for doubting his Adam-God doctrine: "How much unbelief exists in the minds of the Latter-day Saints in regard to one particular doctrine which I revealed to them, and which God revealed to me--namely that Adam is our Father and God. . . . Our Father Adam helped to make this earth. . . . He brought one of his wives with him. . . . Then he said, 'I want my children who are in the spirit world to come and live here. I once dwelt upon an earth something like this, in a mortal state. I was faithful. I received my crown and exaltation. . . . I want my children that were born to me in the spirit world to come here and take tabernacles of flesh that their spirits may have a house, a tabernacle, or a dwelling place as mine has,' and where is the mystery?" The sermon is published again four days later in the weekend edition.
The first Mormon Tabernacle Concert is presented in the Tabernacle.
The Sunday School publishes Sunday School hymns in the Juvenile Instructor magazine.
At general conference, which began on this date, the principal subject discussed was the "United Order." This resulted in the establishment of several cooperative economic ventures, the most notable of which were communities such as Orderville, Utah, where the residents owned no private property but held all property in common.
Brigham Young publically dictates revelation on communitarian United Order. Officially published in DESERET NEWS and JOURNAL OF DISCOURSES but never canonized.
Brigham Young's son Joseph A. Young preaches to the Richfield United Order: "The feeling of 'mine' is the greatest feeling we have to combat."
General conference speakers promote establishment of communitarian "United Orders." Most successful and well-known is Orderville, Utah, where no one owns private property, clothing and houses are standardized, and everyone eats in common dining hall after food is prepared in communal kitchen. Orderville continues in this manner until dissolved in 1885 by instruction of Presidency and Twelve.
In 1874 there were 98 missionaries called to serve.
Became assistant counselor to President Brigham Young.
Became a member of the superintendency of the first Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association initiated in a ward.
1874 Church Membership 103,916
The Poland Bill became a federal law. It had the effect of limiting the jurisdiction of probate courts in Utah. These courts had been authorized to conduct all civil and criminal cases and were generally favorable toward members of the Church, but now Mormons accused of crimes had to be tried in federal courts.
after urging, Elizabeth Ann Whitney spoke in tongues with fluid ease for some five minutes. Eliza R. Snow affirmed that it was the "pure tongue of Adam."
Book of Mormon witness Martin Harris dies at the age of ninety-two in Clarkston, Utah. He is buried in the Clarkston Cemetery with a Book of Mormon in his right hand and a Doctrine and Covenants in his left.
Brigham Young Academy (later University) founded in Provo, Utah.
Founded with instruction that religion be taught alongside academics, the academy becomes Brigham Young University in 1903.
Brigham Young Academy, later to become Brigham Young University, was founded in Provo, Utah.
DESERET NEWS reports one of meetings where apostles preach United Order: "The vote to renew their covenants by baptism was very general by the people."
Establishment of Brigham Young Academy in Provo, renamed "University" in 1903. This is first of church's thirty-seven academies which until 1900 offer primarily elementary level education with some secondary coursework. however, academies also develop college-level "normal" curriculum for teacher-training. By 1934 only four remain LDS institutions. Other major LDS academies are BrighamYoung college at Logan, Utah, in 1877 (closed in 1926), Salt Lake Stake Academy in 1886 (now LDS Business College), Bannock Stake Academy in 1888 (later changed to Ricks College and even later to BYU Idaho), St. George Stake Academy in 1888 (now Utah state-operated Dixie College), Sanpete Stake Academy in 1888 (now Utah state-operated Snow College), Weber Stake Academy in 1891 (now state-operated Weber State University), St. Joseph Stake Academy in 1891 (now state-operated Eastern Arizona College), and Juarez Stake Academy in 1897 (later Academia Juarez).
First organization for young men is local innovation of Salt Lake 13th Ward. It becomes church-wide organization on December 8, 1876.
In 1875 there were 197 missionaries called to serve.
Judge James B. McKean removed from office by President Grant.
Judge James B. McKean, with whom the Mormons had been unhappy, was removed from office by U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant.
LDS political newspaper SALT LAKE HERALD publishes John D. Lee's "confession" that "all who participated in the lamentable transaction, or most of them, were acting under orders that they considered it their duty--their religious duty--to obey." Lee says that when informed of Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young "wept like a child, walked the floor and wrung his hands in bitter anguish."
Tabernacle on Temple Square dedicated.
1875 Church Membership 107,167
THE DESERET NEWS reports that Judge David B. Lowe has set aside a previous court order that Brigham Young pay $9,500 accumulated alimony to Ann Eliza Webb Young. The court reasoned that alimony could not be awarded unless a valid marriage existed. Since Young had alleged that the marriage was illegal and the allegation was not denied, it had to be considered true, and the order was set aside.
The first Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association was organized in the Thirteenth Ward in Salt Lake City. On Dec. 8, 1876, a central committee was formed to coordinate all such associations. Junius F. Wells was the first superintendent. This was the forerunner of today's Young Men organization.
Ulysses S. Grant is first U.S. president to visit Utah and meet LDS president there.
Advance companies of Saints from Utah who were called to settle in Arizona arrived at the Little Colorado. This was the beginning of Mormon colonization in Arizona.
At St. George, Utah, Brigham Young preaches, "as to the Mountain Meadows Massacre if he had not been foiled by Judge John Cradlebaugh and other federal officials He would have hung every guilty person concerned in the bloody deed." Men in congregation are involved, and by arrangement several testify against John D. Lee.
Led the Church as President of the Quorum of the Twelve.
Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil, attends sacrament meeting at the Salt Lake City 14th ward. The Emperor is passing through Utah on his way to Philadelphia to assist President Ulysses S. Grant in opening the Centennial Exposition. The press reports him as saying that, having failed to see the harems of Turkey, he wished to visit the seraglio of Brigham Young. He is the first head of state to visit Utah.
In 1876 there were 211 missionaries called to serve.
In John D. Lee's second trial he is convicted of murder for his part in the Mountain Meadows Massacre. The jury deliberates for 3 hours and 45 minutes. Unlike at his first trial where no faithful LDS testified for the prosecution, many now testified against Lee including Daniel H. Wells (second counselor to Brigham Young), and massacre participants Nephi Johnson (Lieutenant in Nauvoo Legion who lead killing of women and children), Jacob Hamblin (president of Southern Indian Mission). Johnson and Hamblin perjure themselves and put all blame on Lee. Judge Jacob S. Boremon allowed the all-Mormon jury to be informed that Wells's presence indicated that the LDS church supported the prosecution. Juror Andrew Correy quoted the Book of Mormon to justify his guilty vote: "Some one had to be sacrificed, so at last I gave in….Better for one man to die than for a whole nation to dwindle in unbelief." But he says of his guilty vote that finally made it unanimous, "I felt miserable, just as though the devil had some power over me."
It having been given out at Conference that the Endowment House would be closed after this week, for the past few days hundreds of persons have been going through the House, in fact, great numbers have to be refused, the authorities not having time or room for them. Closing Endowment House in Salt Lake City is Brigham Young's way of guaranteeing use of the distant St. George temple.
John D. Lee sentenced to death for Mountain Meadows Massacre. Judge Jacob Boreman gives Lee the choice between hanging, firing squad or being beheaded. By choosing firing squad over beheading Lee seems to indicate he feels no need of blood atonement. At the sentencing Judge Boreman says LDS authorities had "inaugurated and decided upon the wholesale slaughter of the emigrants" and had been "a persistent and determined opposition to an investigation of the massacre." OGDEN JUNCTION newspaper calls Boreman's remarks "disgraceful" and an attack on prosecutor Sumner Howard. Howard had made a secret deal with the LDS leaders to prosecute only Lee in exchange for LDS cooperation. John D. Lee is the only person ever tried in connection with Mountain Meadows Massacre.
Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, to Joseph F. Smith and Julina Lambson.
Young Men Mutual Improvement Association organized.
Salt Lake City arsenal explodes, killing four people and severely damaging houses in 13th, 14th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th wards. DESERET NEWS reports: "Nearly every building of any size, for a mile and a half or two miles around" is damaged. Wilford Woodruff records in his journal, "It was a miracle that the four buildings made of Rock, Cobble, Iron & Concrete was blown high into the air & scattered over the City for a circuit of more than a mile with a population of 20,000, and ownly four persons killed. The whole City shook like an Earthquake. Many escaped narrowly from death. Many women fainted. Nearly all the glass was blown out of the New Tabernacle."
Sidney Rigdon dies at the age of eighty-three in Friendship, New York; where he is buried.
Southern States mission is created
1876 Church Membership 111,111
The patent was issued for Alexander Graham Bell's telephone.
Wilford Woodruff offers the dedicatory prayer to the new Z.C.M.I. store. The First Presidency and Quorum of Twelve attends. Joseph F. Smith "asked President Youngs Pardon for Contradicting him in the matter which Pardon was granted By President Young."
Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association organized.
This edition was created in Salt Lake City, UT, England and was compiled by an unknown person. There were 345 Hymns in this edition. At the time it was edition number 17.
Advance companies of Saints arrived at the Little Colorado, Arizona.
Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone.
At Brigham Young's funeral "18,000 people by actual Count passed through the Tabernacle to visit the Body of President Young and several thousand were not Counted. It is estimated that 25,000 took their last fare well of the honored dead."
At the Manti temple site Brigham Young tells Lorenzo Snow "Here is the spot where the prophet Moroni stood and dedicated this piece of land for a Temple site, and that is the reason why the location is made here, and we can't move it from this spot; and if you and I are the only persons that come here at high noon today, we will dedicate this ground."
Brigham Young dies at age 76.
Brigham Young instructs apostles to re-organize all stakes of Great Basin.
Brigham Young, second president of the Church, dies.
Dr. William D. Purple publishes an eye-witness account of Joseph Smith's 1826 trial for being a "disordly person." Joseph was charged with being a "glass looker" for gazing into a stone in his efforts to find locations of buried treasure. Purple writes: "On the request of the Court, he exhibited the stone. It was about the size of a small hen's egg, in the shape of a high-instepped shoe. It was composed of layers of different colors passing diagonally through it."
Execution of John D. Lee at Mountain Meadows, Utah, for his role in massacre almost twenty years earlier.
For the first time in his life Brigham Young is washed and anointed and endowed in behalf of someone else. In the St. George Temple he is washed and anointed, given endowments and second anointing in behalf of someone else the next day also.
Grand Jury describes Salt Lake County probate court as a "divorce mill" which granted 300 divorces in previous twelve-month period, primarily on "grounds of incompatibility of temperment, different aims and objectives in life." Eighty percent of divorced couples come to Utah for divorces from such places as San Francisco, New York City, Chicago, Terre Haute, and St. Louis. Report finds that 13 percent of divorces are granted same day of complaint, total of 25 percent within week of application, and total of 85 percent are granted within a month of application. Report continues, "And your committee have good reason to believe that other country probate courts of the territory are likewise engaged in this class of divorce business, to an equal if not greater extent." Two months later U.S. senator Dawes introduces bill to remove divorce from jurisdiction of Mormon probate courts and limit divorce cases to federally-appointed non-Mormon judges.
In 1877 there were 154 missionaries called to serve.
In St. George temple, second counselor Daniel H. Wells reads dedicatory prayer at re-dedication ceremony, during which some see halo of light around his head.
Indian Territory mission is created
John D. Lee, age 64, is taken to Mountain Meadows, the scene of the massacre nineteen and one-half years earlier, where he was perched on the edge of his coffin and shot to death by a firing squad.
Appointed president of St. George Utah Temple.
New edition of the Doctrine and Covenants printed with present verse divisions (prepared by Orson Pratt).
President Brigham Young died at his home in Salt Lake City at age 76.
Romania Bunnell Pratt is first Mormon woman to obtain M.D. degree (from Women's Medical College in Philadelphia). On Nov. 1 she opens school of obstetrics in Salt Lake Citywhere she trains Mormon midwives and nurses for twenty-two years.
Seventy-year-old Wilford Woodruff marries Brigham Young's twenty-five-year-old recently-divorced daughter Eudora Lovina. Eudora later divorces Woodruff and elopes to Seattle with Judge Albert Hagan, breaking up his marriage.
Built of local sandstone by settlers in a desert town, it is the first temple where ordinances for the dead are performed at scale. Brigham Young dies that August.
St. George Temple president Wilford Woodruff writes: "President Young has been laboring all winter to get up a perfect form of Endowments as far as possible. They having been perfected I read them to the Company today." Brigham Young's final form of the endowment included mention of the Adam-God doctrine.
1877 Church Membership 115,065
The Quorum of the Twelve, with John Taylor as president, publicly assumed its position as the head of the Church.
The St. George Temple was dedicated by President Daniel H. Wells in connection with the 47th Annual Conference of the Church that was held in St. George. This was the first temple to be completed in Utah. The lower portion of the temple had been dedicated earlier, on Jan. 1, 1877, and ordinances for the dead had commenced.
The St. George Temple was dedicated by Daniel H. Wells.
Thomas Alva Edison invents the phonograph, and the first music (Yankee Doodle) is put on record.
Two days after Brigham Young's funeral the apostles meet in council and sustain John Taylor as president of the Quorum of the Twelve and Young's former counselors John W. Young and Daniel H. Wells as "counselors to the Twelve." Unable to agree on reorganizing the First Presidency, the Twelve govern as a collective leadership until they call a new first presidency at the October 1880 conference.
Wilford Woodruff writes, "This is the first day I ever went to the Temple to get Endowments for the Dead."
Wilford Woodruff writes: "I Wilford Woodruff went to the Temple of the Lord this morning and was Baptized for 100 persons who were dead including the signers of the Declaration of Independance all except John Hancock and William Floyd. I was Baptized for the following names:" He then lists the 100 names. Most of them are endowed by proxy the next day.
St. George Utah Temple dedicated.